How to make a GM Crop

Scientists take genes from one organism and insert them into the genome of another organism during the process of Genetic modification. There are two ways in which they go about inserting a foreign gene into a plant cell. The first method is more in the style of cowboys. They take a Gene-Gun with a golden pellets and shoot the gene from an unrelated organism into the cell of the plant, although without the accuracy of cowboys. The second method is more in the spirit of viruses. They insert the foreign gene into a bacteria or a virus and use it to infect the plants cell to enter it.

The idea is to provide the plant with certain desired novel characteristics. Such as herbicide tolerance or production of certain toxins that can kill harmful pests. But, as we can see, the technology is not reliable at the moment.